Survey and technological analysis of laser and its defense applications

The laser technology has made remarkable progress over the past couple of decades.It is being widely employed in diverse domains,such as holography,space sciences,spectroscopy,medical sciences,micro and power electronics,industrial engineering,and most distinctively,as directed energy military weapons.Owing to their active transmissions,laser systems are similar to microwave radars to some extent;however,unlike conventional radars,the laser operates at very high frequencies thus making it a potent enabler of narrow-beam and high energy aerial deployments,both in offensive and defensive roles.In modern avionics systems,laser target indicators and beam riders are the most common devices that are used to direct the Laser Guided Weapons(LGW)accurately to the ground targets.Additionally,compact size and outstanding angular resolution of laser-based systems motivate their use for drones and unmanned aerial applications.Moreover,the narrow-beam divergence of laser emissions offers a low probability of intercept,making it a suitable contender for secure transmissions and safety-critical operations.Furthermore,the developments in space sciences and laser technology have given syner-gistic potential outcomes to use laser systems in space operations.This paper comprehensively reviews laser applications and projects for strategic defense actions on the ground or in space.Additionally,a detailed analysis has been done on recent advancements of the laser technology for target indicators and range-finders.It also reviews the advancements in the field of laser communications for surveillance,its earlier state of the art,and ongoing scientific research and ad-vancements in the domain of high energy directed laser weapons that have revolutionized the evolving military battlefield.Besides offering a comprehensive taxonomy,the paper also critically analyzes some of the recent contributions in the associated domains.     

C4ISR体系结构设计方法

系统体系结构的设计在C4ISR系统开发中具有重要的地位,文章深入研究了目前运用广泛的三种C4ISR系统体系结构分析设计方法面向过程分析方法、面向对象设计方法和三维视图方法,分析了各种方法的优缺点并进行了比较;讨论了C4ISR体系结构设计方法和C4ISR系统本身的发展趋势以及两者之间的密切关系,对C4ISR系统体系结构的建设提出了自己的看法.     

防空兵武器装备发展论证专家系统的开发

首先阐明了防空兵武器装备发展论证专家系统开发的目标任务和建造原则,然后建立了专家系统的一般结构,并论述了系统开发过程中的问题定义与系统分析、知识获取、知识表示、软件实现、系统测试与评价等各个环节所应完成的任务,指出了在专家系统开发过程中潜在的主要问题。对于建立一个完备的、权威的防空兵武器装备发展论证专家系统有一定的指导意义。     

C4ISR领域本体研究初探

如何实现C4ISR系统的跨越式发展,是当前的研究重点。本体论作为最新的知识工程化技术,信息系统建设是其研究、应用的重要领域。通过分析C4ISR系统特点及未来军事发展趋势,结合C4ISR系统建设的实际情况,阐述了军事领域开展本体研究的广阔前景,并探求建立C4ISR领域本体库,对本体库的作用及发展过程提出了初步设想,在C4ISR系统建设和本体应用两方面做出了有益的探索。     

C4ISR系统开发的仿真模型描述研究

C4ISR(Command、Control、Communication、Computer、Intelligence、Surveillance and Reconnaissance)系统开发的仿真模型涉及多个应用领域,具有多粒度、阶段相关性等的特性.本文提出了C4ISR系统开发的仿真模型体系,给出了仿真模型的规范化描述....     

兵团“三化”进程中的伦理变迁：实然与应然

兵团＂三化＂进程中的市场化、全球化与网络化际遇,根本置换了兵团社会的生存方式,为兵团社会的发展奠定了客观必然性基础。无论从实然还是应然角度看,呼应当代兵团社会生存方式的根本性转型,构建与兵团社会发展相适应的伦理范型,已经成为兵团＂三化＂进程中伦理变迁的必然选择。     

建筑消防设施三化建设要点及需要解决的突出问题

通过总结归纳社会单位开展建筑消防设施建立标准化管理体系,落实标识化建设,形成规范化管理机制过程中应当把握的几个要点,并客观分析在推动＂三化＂建设持续有效落实过程中存在的主要问题,提出相应的改进措施和建议,以形成建筑消防设施＂三化＂建设的长效机制,努力提升社会单位防控火灾事故发生的能力和水平。     

空空导弹三维实时动态数字仿真

主要论述了某型空空导弹实现３维实时动态数字仿真的思路和方法,首先建立３维空战模型,然后通过一定的计算方法和编程技巧实现了数字仿真的实时性。在数字仿真实时性的基础上,实现了导弹攻击目标过程的３维动态图形显示。     

Analysis of decentralized multi‐product pull systems with lost sales

We study a pull‐type, flexible, multi‐product, and multi‐stage production/inventory system with decentralized two‐card kanban control policies. Each stage involves a processor and two buffers with finite target levels. Production stages, arranged in series, can process several product types one at a time. Transportation of semi‐finished parts from one stage to another is performed in fixed lot sizes. The exact analysis is mathematically intractable even for smaller systems. We present a robust approximation algorithm to model two‐card kanban systems with batch transfers under arbitrary complexity. The algorithm uses phase‐type modeling to find effective processing times and busy period analysis to identify delays among product types in resource contention. Our algorithm reduces the effort required for estimating performance measures by a considerable margin and resolves the state–space explosion problem of analytical approaches. Using this analytical tool, we present new findings for a better understanding of some tactical and operational issues. We show that flow of material in small procurement sizes smoothes flow of information within the system, but also necessitates more frequent shipments between stages, raising the risk of late delivery. Balancing the risk of information delays vis‐à‐vis shipment delays is critical for the success of two‐card kanban systems. Although product variety causes time wasted in setup operations, it also facilitates relatively short production cycles enabling processors to switch from one product type to another more rapidly. The latter point is crucial especially in high‐demand environments. Increasing production line size prevents quick response to customer demand, but it may improve system performance if the vendor lead‐time is long or subject to high variation. Finally, variability in transportation and processing times causes the most damage if it arises at stages closer to the customer. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

Managing components for assemble‐to‐order products with lead‐time‐dependent pricing: The full‐shipment model

We study a component inventory planning problem in an assemble‐to‐order environment faced by many contract manufacturers in which both quick delivery and efficient management of component inventory are crucial for the manufacturers to achieve profitability in a highly competitive market. Extending a recent study in a similar problem setting by the same authors, we analyze an optimization model for determining the optimal component stocking decision for a contract manufacturer facing an uncertain future demand, where product price depends on the delivery times. In contrast to our earlier work, this paper considers the situation where the contract manufacturer needs to deliver the full order quantity in one single shipment. This delivery requirement is appropriate for many industries, such as the garment and toy industries, where the economies of scale in transportation is essential. We develop efficient solution procedures for solving this optimization problem. We use our model results to illustrate how the different model parameters affect the optimal solution. We also compare the results under this full‐shipment model with those from our earlier work that allows for multiple partial shipments. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007